This situation was due to the slowness of the NCV in all nerves due to PNP. In the PNP group, the difference in the sensory NCV of PCN and 1 st D-W segment and the difference in the sensory NCV of the 5 th D-W segment of the ulnar nerve and the 2 nd D-W segment of the median nerve were significantly lower than the control group. In the present study, the sensory NCVs of the PCN and 5 th D-W segment of the ulnar nerve were not significantly different from the control group in CTS patients. The sensitivity and specificity of 5th/2nd digit NCV ratio was 92% and 59% respectively. The ratio of PCN/1 st digit NCV had sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 71%. The 5 th/2 nd digit NCV ratios were abnormal in the 22 extremities (53.6%) of the CTS group and in five extremities (15.6%) from the PNP+CTS group. The ratio of PCN/1 st digit NCV was above two standard deviations from normal in 33 extremities (80.4%) from the CTS group and in 29 extremities (90.6%) from the PNP+CTS group. The ratios of the PCN/1 st digit NCV and 5 th/2nd digit NCV were also significantly different between the CTS and PNP+CTS groups ( P <0.05 and P <0.005, respectively). The ratio of 5 th/2 nd digit NCV was numerically close but the difference was statistically significant between the PNP and control groups. The PCN/1 st digit NCV ratio was significantly different between the PNP and PNP+CTS groups as well ( P <0.001). Although the PCN-1 st digit ratio did not differ significantly between the control group and the polyneuropathy group ( P >0.05), there was a significant difference between the control group and the CTS and PNP+CTS groups ( P <0.001 and P <0.001, respectively). Because the PCN-1 st and 5 th-2 nd digit NCV differences were variable over a considerable range among the groups, the ratios of the NCVs of these segments were considered as more reliable criteria. Results: Although the ratio of PCN-1st digit did not differ significantly between the control group and the polyneuropathy group, there was a significant difference between CTS and PNP+CTS groups and the control group ( P 0.5 and P >0.05, respectively). Student t test and receiver operating characteristic were used. Statistical Analysis: The statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS package for statistics. Materials and Methods: Comparative parameters were difference of PCN-1st digits' nerve conduction velocities (NCV), PCN/1st digit NCVs ratio, difference of 5th-2nd digits' NCVs and 5th/2nd digits' NCVs ratio. Setting and Design: The median nerve sensory conduction in healthy volunteers, in cases of CTS, PNP cases without CTS and in cases of PNP in whom clinical findings point to CTS, were compared by palmar cutaneous nerve (PCN) sensory conduction. Aims: We suggest that the comparison of the conduction of the median nerve with that of the neighboring peripheral nerves may be more beneficial in the diagnosis of entrapment neuropathy. Background: Conventional methods in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in patients with polyneuropathy (PNP) are insufficient.
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